Локус K. Синтез эумеланина

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. 10.1111/age.13154.

Dreger, D.L., Hooser, B.N., Hughes, A.M., Ganesan, B., Donner, J., Anderson, H., Holtvoigt, L., Ekenstedt, K.J. True Colors: Commercially-acquired morphological genotypes reveal hidden allele variation among dog breeds, informing both trait ancestry and breed potential. PLoS One 14:e0223995, 2019. 10.1371/journal.pone.0223995.

Oguro-Okano, M., Honda, M., Yamazaki, K., Okano, K. Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor, β-defensin103 and agouti signaling protein genes, and their association with coat color phenotypes in Akita-inu dogs. J Vet Med Sci 73:853-8, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21321476.

Candille, SI., Kaelin, CB., Cattanach, BM., Yu, B., Thompson, DA., Nix, MA., Kerns, JA., Schmutz, SM., Millhauser, GL., Barsh, GS. A {beta}-Defensin Mutation Causes Black Coat Color in Domestic Dogs. Science 318:1418-23, 2007. 10.1126/science.1147880.

Kerns, JA., Cargill, EJ., Clark, LA., Candille, SI., Berryere, TG., Olivier, M., Lust, G., Todhunter, RJ., Schmutz, SM., Murphy, KE., Barsh, GS. Linkage and segregation analysis of black and brindle coat color in domestic dogs. Genetics 176:1679-89, 2007. 10.1534/genetics.107.074237.

Kerns, JA., Olivier, M., Lust, G., Barsh, GS. Exclusion of melanocortin-1 receptor (mc1r) and agouti as candidates for dominant black in dogs. J Hered 94:75-9, 2003. Pubmed reference: 12692166.

Ollivier, M., Tresset, A., Hitte, C., Petit, C., Hughes, S., Gillet, B., Duffraisse, M., Pionnier-Capitan, M., Lagoutte, L., Arbogast, R.M., Balasescu, A., Boroneant, A., Mashkour, M., Vigne, J.D., Hänni, C. Evidence of coat color variation sheds new light on ancient canids. PLoS One 8:e75110, 2013. 10.1371/journal.pone.0075110.

Anderson, TM., Vonholdt, BM., Candille, SI., Musiani, M., Greco, C., Stahler, DR., Smith, DW., Padhukasahasram, B., Randi, E., Leonard, JA., Bustamante, CD., Ostrander, EA., Tang, H., Wayne, RK., Barsh, GS. Molecular and evolutionary history of melanism in North American gray wolves. Science 323:1339-43, 2009. 10.1126/science.1165448.

 Локус А. Окрасы агути

Bannasch, D.L., Kaelin, C.B., Letko, A., Loechel, R., Hug, P., Jagannathan, V., Henkel, J., Roosje, P., Hytönen, M.K., Lohi, H., Arumilli, M. Dog colour patterns explained by modular promoters of ancient canid origin. Nat Ecol Evol 5:1415-23, 2021. 10.1038/s41559-021-01524-x.

Belyakin, S.N., Maksimov, D.A., Pobedintseva, M.A. , Laktionov, P.P. , Voronova D. ASIP promoter variants predict sesame coat color in Shiba Inu dogs. 2021 pre-print on BioRxv https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.01.462523v1

Dreger, D.L., Anderson, H., Donner, J., Clark, J.A., Dykstra, A., Hughes, A.M., Ekenstedt, K.J. Atypical genotypes for canine agouti signaling protein suggest novel chromosomal rearrangement. Genes (Basel) 11:, 2020. 10.3390/genes11070739.

Dreger, D.L., Hooser, B.N., Hughes, A.M., Ganesan, B., Donner, J., Anderson, H., Holtvoigt, L., Ekenstedt, K.J. True Colors: Commercially-acquired morphological genotypes reveal hidden allele variation among dog breeds, informing both trait ancestry and breed potential. PLoS One 14:e0223995, 2019. 10.1371/journal.pone.0223995.

Ciampolini, R., Cecchi, F., Spaterna, A., Bramante, A., Bardet, S.M., Oulmouden, A. Characterization of different 5′-untranslated exons of the ASIP gene in black-and-tan Doberman Pinscher and brindle Boxer dogs. Anim Genet 44:114-7, 2013. 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2012.02364.x.

Dreger, D.L., Parker, H.G., Ostrander, E.A., Schmutz, S.M. Identification of a mutation that is associated with the saddle tan and black-and-tan phenotypes in Basset Hounds and Pembroke Welsh Corgis. J Hered 104:399-406, 2013. 10.1093/jhered/est012.

Dreger, D.L., Schmutz, S.M. A case of canine chimerism diagnosed using coat color tests. Mol Cell Probes 26:253-5, 2012. 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.03.004.

Dreger, D.L., Schmutz, S.M. A SINE insertion causes the black-and-tan and saddle tan phenotypes in domestic dogs. J Hered :S11-8, 2011. 10.1093/jhered/esr042.

Oguro-Okano, M., Honda, M., Yamazaki, K., Okano, K. Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor, β-defensin103 and agouti signaling protein genes, and their association with coat color phenotypes in Akita-inu dogs. J Vet Med Sci 73:853-8, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21321476.

Berryere, TG., Kerns, JA., Barsh, GS., Schmutz, SM. Association of an Agouti allele with fawn or sable coat color in domestic dogs. Mamm Genome 16:262-72, 2005. 10.1007/s00335-004-2445-6.

Kerns, JA., Newton, J., Berryere, TG., Rubin, EM., Cheng, JF., Schmutz, SM., Barsh, GS. Characterization of the dog Agouti gene and a nonagoutimutation in German Shepherd Dogs. Mamm Genome 15:798-808, 2004. 10.1007/s00335-004-2377-1.

Kerns, JA., Olivier, M., Lust, G., Barsh, GS. Exclusion of melanocortin-1 receptor (mc1r) and agouti as candidates for dominant black in dogs. J Hered 94:75-9, 2003. Pubmed reference: 12692166.

Vrieling, H., Duhl, D.M., Millar, S.E., Miller, K.A., Barsh, G.S. Differences in dorsal and ventral pigmentation result from regional expression of the mouse agouti gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:5667-71, 1994. 10.1073/pnas.91.12.5667.

Little, C.C. The Inheritance of Coat Color in Dogs Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY :, 1957.

Локус B. Черный или коричневый

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. 10.1111/age.13154.

Van Buren, S.L., Mickelson, J.R., Minor, K.M. A novel TYRP1 mutation associated with brown coat color in Siberian huskies. Anim Genet :, 2021. 10.1111/age.13037.

Dreger, D.L., Hooser, B.N., Hughes, A.M., Ganesan, B., Donner, J., Anderson, H., Holtvoigt, L., Ekenstedt, K.J. True Colors: Commercially-acquired morphological genotypes reveal hidden allele variation among dog breeds, informing both trait ancestry and breed potential. PLoS One 14:e0223995, 2019. 10.1371/journal.pone.0223995.

Wright, H.E., Schofield, E., Mellersh, C.S., Burmeister, L.M., Wright, H.E., Schofield, E., Mellersh, C.S., Burmeister, L.M. A novel TYRP1 variant is associated with liver and tan coat colour in Lancashire Heelers. Anim Genet :, 2019. 10.1111/age.12839.

Jancuskova, T., Langevin, M., Pekova, S. TYRP1:c.555T>G is a recurrent mutation found in Australian Shepherd and Miniature American Shepherd dogs. Anim Genet :, 2018. 10.1111/age.12709.

Hrckova Turnova, E., Majchrakova, Z., Bielikova, M., Soltys, K., Turna, J., Dudas, A. A novel mutation in the TYRP1 gene associated with brown coat colour in the Australian Shepherd Dog Breed. Anim Genet 48:626, 2017. 10.1111/age.12563.

Letko, A., Drögemüller, C. Two brown coat colour-associated TYRP1 variants (b(c) and b(d) ) occur in Leonberger dogs. Anim Genet 48:732-733, 2017. 10.1111/age.12612.

Monteagudo, L.V., Tejedor, M.T. The b(c) allele of TYRP1 is causative for the recessive brown (liver) colour in German Shepherd dogs. Anim Genet 46:588-9, 2015. 10.1111/age.12337.

Schmutz, S.M., Melekhovets, Y. Coat color DNA testing in dogs: theory meets practice. Mol Cell Probes 26:238-42, 2012. 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.03.009.

Cargill, E.J., Famula, T.R., Schnabel, R.D., Strain, G.M., Murphy, K.E. The color of a Dalmatian’s spots: linkage evidence to support the TYRP1 gene. BMC Vet Res 1:1, 2005. 10.1186/1746-6148-1-1.

Schmutz, S.M., Berryere, T.G., Goldfinch, A.D. TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs Mammalian Genome 13:380-387, 2002. 10.1007/s00335-001-2147-2.

Little, C.C. The Inheritance of Coat Color in Dogs Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY :, 1957.

van Rooy, D., Wade, C.M. Association between coat colour and the behaviour of Australian Labrador retrievers. Canine Genet Epidemiol 6:10, 2019. Pubmed reference: 31798910. DOI: 10.1186/s40575-019-0078-z.

Gerding, WM., Schreiber, S., Dekomien, G., Epplen, JT. Tracing the origin of ‘blue Weimaraner’ dogs by molecular genetics. J Anim Breed Genet 128:153-60, 2011. 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2010.00888.x.

Локус D. Осветление эумеланина

Drögemüller, C., Philipp, U., Haase, B., Günzel-Apel, A-R., & Leeb, T. (2007). A noncoding melanophilin gene (MLPH) SNP at the splice donor of exon 1 represents a candidate causal mutation for coat color dilution in dogs. Journal of Heredity, 98(5), 468-473. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esm021

Bauer, A., Kehl, A., Jagannathan, V., & Leeb, T. (2018). A novel MLPH variant in dogs with coat colour dilution. Animal Genetics, 49(1), 94-97. doi: 10.1111/age.12632

Van Buren, S. L., Minor, K. M., Grahn, R. A., Mickelson, J. R., Grahn, J. C., Malvick, J., Colangelo, J.R., Mueller, E., Kuehnlein, P., & Kehl, A. (2020). A Third MLPH Variant Causing Coat Color Dilution in Dogs. Genes, 11(6), 639. doi: 10.3390/genes11060639

Локус G. Возрастное осветление

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. 10.1111/age.13154.

Little, C.C. The Inheritance of Coat Color in Dogs Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY :, 1957.

 

Локус I. Интенсивность феомеланина

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. 10.1111/age.13154.

Slavney, A.J., Kawakami, T., Jensen, M.K., Nelson, T.C., Sams, A.J., Boyko, A.R. Five genetic variants explain over 70% of hair coat pheomelanin intensity variation in purebred and mixed breed domestic dogs. PLoS One 16:e0250579, 2021. 10.1371/journal.pone.0250579.

Hédan et al., Hédan, B., Cadieu, E., Botherel, N., Dufaure de Citres, C., Letko, A., Rimbault, M., Drögemüller, C., Jagannathan, V., Derrien, T., Schmutz, S., Leeb, T., André, C. Identification of a Missense Variant in MFSD12 Involved in Dilution of Phaeomelanin Leading to White or Cream Coat Color in Dogs. Genes (Basel) 10:386, 2019. 10.3390/genes10050386.

Schmutz, SM., Berryere, TG. The genetics of cream coat color in dogs. J Hered 98:544-8, 2007. 10.1093/jhered/esm018.

Schmutz, SM., Berryere, TG. Genes affecting coat colour and pattern in domestic dogs: a review. Anim Genet 38:539-49, 2007. 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2007.01664.x.

Carver, E.A. Coat colour genetics of the German shepherd dog Journal of Heredity 75:247-252, 1984. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109926.

Iljin, N.A. Genetics and Breeding of the Dog. Seljskohozgiz, Moscow :, 1932.

Локусы T и  R.Крап и чалость.

Brancalion L, Haase B, Mazrier H, Willet CE, Lindblad-Toh K, Lingaas F, Wade CM. Roan, ticked and clear coat patterns in the canine are associated with three haplotypes near usherin on CFA38. Anim Genet. 2021 Apr; 52(2): 198–207. тут

Kawakami T, Jensen MK, Slavney A, Deane PE, Milano A, Raghavan V, Ford B, Chu ET, Sams AJ, Boyko AR. R-locus for roaned coat is associated with a tandem duplication in an intronic region of USH2A in dogs and also contributes to Dalmatian spotting. PLoS One. 2021 Mar; 16(3): e0248233. тут

Локус М. Мраморные окрасы и их модификации

Ballif, B.C., Emerson, L.J., Ramirez, C.J., Carl, C.R., Sundin, K., Flores-Smith, H., Shaffer, L.G. The PMEL gene and merle (dapple) in the dachshund: cryptic, hidden, and mosaic variants demonstrate the need for genetic testing prior to breeding. Hum Genet :, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34370083. DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02330-y.

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34751460. DOI: 10.1111/age.13154.

Varga, L., Lénárt, X., Zenke, P., Orbán, L., Hudák, P., Ninausz, N., Pelles, Z., Szőke, A. Being Merle: The Molecular Genetic Background of the Canine Merle Mutation. Genes (Basel) 11:, 2020. Pubmed reference: 32560567. DOI: 10.3390/genes11060660.

Pelles, Z., Gáspárdy, A., Zöldág, L., Lénárt, X., Ninausz, N., Varga, L., Zenke, P. Merle allele variations in the Mudi dog breed and their effects on phenotypes. Acta Vet Hung 67:159-173, 2019. Pubmed reference: 31238727. DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.018.

Ballif, B.C., Ramirez, C.J., Carl, C.R., Sundin, K., Krug, M., Zahand, A., Shaffer, L.G., Flores-Smith, H. The PMEL Gene and Merle in the Domestic Dog: A Continuum of Insertion Lengths Leads to a Spectrum of Coat Color Variations in Australian Shepherds and Related Breeds. Cytogenet Genome Res :, 2018. Pubmed reference: 30071510. DOI: 10.1159/000491408.

Langevin, M., Synkova, H., Jancuskova, T., Pekova, S. Merle phenotypes in dogs — SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh. PLoS One 13:e0198536, 2018. Pubmed reference: 30235206. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198536.

Langevin, M. Merle — SINE Insertion from Mc Mh; The Incredible Story of Merle Privately published https://www.merle-sine-insertion-from-mc-mh.com/order/ :, 2018.

Murphy, S.C., Evans, J.M., Tsai, K.L., Clark, L.A. PMEL: correlating genotype with phenotype. Mob DNA 9:26, 2018. Pubmed reference: 30123327. DOI: 10.1186/s13100-018-0131-6.

Mizukami, K., Yabuki, A., Kohyama, M., Kushida, K., Rahman, M.M., Uddin, M.M., Sawa, M., Yamato, O. Molecular prevalence of multiple genetic disorders in Border collies in Japan and recommendations for genetic counselling. Vet J 214:21-3, 2016. Pubmed reference: 27387721. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.05.004.

Imamoto, S., Watanabe, M., Iba, M., Imamoto, M., Umeyama, K. A mixed-breed dog showing the same gene modification as in a Miniature Dachshund Journal of Animal Clinical Medicine 20:1-5, 2011. DOI: 10.11252/dobutsurinshoigaku.20.1.

Imamoto, S., Imamoto, M., Watanabe, M., Umeyama, K. Study on the effect SINE insertion to an SILV (Pmel17) gene on the fundi of longhaired miniature dachshunds Journal of Veterinary Medicine (Japan) 63:385-390, 2010.

Strain, GM., Clark, LA., Wahl, JM., Turner, AE., Murphy, KE. Prevalence of deafness in dogs heterozygous or homozygous for the merle allele. J Vet Intern Med 23:282-6, 2009. Pubmed reference: 19192156. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0257.x.

Clark, LA., Wahl, JM., Rees, CA., Murphy, KE. From The Cover: Retrotransposon insertion in SILV is responsible for merle patterning of the domestic dog. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:1376-81, 2006. Pubmed reference: 16407134. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0506940103.

Hedan, B., Corre, S., Hitte, C., Dreano, S., Vilboux, T., Derrien, T., Denis, B., Galibert, F., Galibert, MD., Andre, C. Coat colour in dogs: identification of the merle locus in the Australian shepherd breed. BMC Vet Res 2:9, 2006. Pubmed reference: 16504149. DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-2-9.

Platt, S., Freeman, J., di Stefani, A., Wieczorek, L., Henley, W. Prevalence of unilateral and bilateral deafness in border collies and association with phenotype. J Vet Intern Med 20:1355-62, 2006. Pubmed reference: 17186850.

Schmutz, SM., Berryere, TG., Sharp, CA. KITLG maps to canine chromosome 15 and is excluded as a candidate gene for merle in dogs. Anim Genet 34:75-6, 2003. Pubmed reference: 12580795.

Klinckmann, G., Koniszewski, G., Wegner, W. Light-microscope investigations on the retinae of dogs carrying the Merle factor Journal of Veterinary Medicine. Series A 33:674-788, 1986. Pubmed reference: 3099512.

Sponenberg, D.P. Inheritance of the harlequin color in Great Dane dogs Journal of Heredity 76:224-225, 1985. Pubmed reference: 3998446.

Sponenberg, D.P., Lamoreaux, M.L. Inheritance of tweed, a modification of merle, in Australian shepherd dogs Journal of Heredity 76:303-304, 1985. Pubmed reference: 4031467.

Локус Н. Окрас арлекин

Brancalion, L., Haase, B., Wade, C.M. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet :, 2021. Pubmed reference: 34751460. DOI: 10.1111/age.13154.

Dreger, D.L., Hooser, B.N., Hughes, A.M., Ganesan, B., Donner, J., Anderson, H., Holtvoigt, L., Ekenstedt, K.J. True Colors: Commercially-acquired morphological genotypes reveal hidden allele variation among dog breeds, informing both trait ancestry and breed potential. PLoS One 14:e0223995, 2019. Pubmed reference: 31658272. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223995.

Clark, LA., Tsai, KL., Starr, AN., Nowend, KL., Murphy, KE. A missense mutation in the 20S proteasome β2 subunit of Great Danes having harlequin coat patterning. Genomics 97:244-8, 2011. Pubmed reference: 21256207. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.01.003.

Clark, LA., Starr, AN., Tsai, KL., Murphy, KE. Genome-wide linkage scan localizes the harlequin locus in the Great Dane to chromosome 9. Gene 418:49-52, 2008. Pubmed reference: 18513894. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2008.04.006.

O’Sullivan, N., Robinson, R. Harlequin colour in the Great Dane dog. Genetica 78:215-8, 1988. Pubmed reference: 3270445.

Sponenberg, D.P. Inheritance of the harlequin color in Great Dane dogs Journal of Heredity 76:224-225, 1985. Pubmed reference: 3998446.